Part Number Hot Search : 
78S05CV FXLH1T45 MSC23 M62320FP XT49U MC33102 2SK15 ELM3043
Product Description
Full Text Search
 

To Download LXT902 Datasheet File

  If you can't view the Datasheet, Please click here to try to view without PDF Reader .  
 
 


  Datasheet File OCR Text:
 '$7$ 6+((7
/;7aie
(WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
*HQHUDO 'HVFULSWLRQ
7KH /;7aie WZLVWHGSDLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW o73 0$8o LV GHVLJQHG WR DOORZ (WKHUQHW FRQQHFWLRQV WR XVH WKH H[LVWLQJ WZLVWHGSDLU ZLULQJ SODQW WKURXJK DQ (WKHUQHW $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW ,QWHUIDFH o$8,oi 7KH /;7aie SURYLGHV WKH HOHFWULFDO LQWHUIDFH EHWZHHQ WKH $8, DQG WKH WZLVWHG SDLU ZLUHi /;7aie IXQFWLRQV LQFOXGH OHYHOVKLIWHG GDWD SDVVWKURXJK IURP RQH WUDQVPLVVLRQ PHGLD WR DQRWKHUn FROOLVLRQ GHWHF WLRQn 6LJQDO 4XDOLW\ (UURU o64(o WHVWLQJ DQG DXWRPDWLF FRU UHFWLRQ RI SRODULW\ UHYHUVDO RQ WKH WZLVWHGSDLU LQSXWi ,W DOVR LQFOXGHV /(' GULYHUV IRU WUDQVPLWn UHFHLYHn MDEEHUn FROOL VLRQn UHYHUVHG SRODULW\ GHWHFW DQG OLQN IXQFWLRQVi 7KH /;7aie LV DQ DGYDQFHG &026 GHYLFH DQG UHTXLUHV RQO\ D VLQJOH eYROW SRZHU VXSSO\i
$35,/ iaaae
5HYLVLRQ eii
)HDWXUHV
0HHWV RU H[FHHGV ,((( aieie VWDQGDUGV IRU $8, DQG ii%$6(7 LQWHUIDFH 'LUHFW LQWHUIDFH WR $8, DQG 5-ee FRQQHFWRUV $XWRPDWLF $8,i5-ee VHOHFWLRQ ,QWHUQDO SUHGLVWRUWLRQ JHQHUDWLRQ ,QWHUQDO FRPPRQ PRGH YROWDJH JHQHUDWLRQ -DEEHU IXQFWLRQ 6HOHFWDEOH OLQN WHVWn 64( WHVW GLVDEOH 7ZLVWHGSDLU UHFHLYH SRODULW\ UHYHUVH GHWHFWLRQ DQG VHOHFWDEOH SRODULW\ FRUUHFWLRQ /(' GULYHU IRU WUDQVPLWn UHFHLYHn MDEEHUn FROOLVLRQn OLQN DQG UHYHUVHG SRODULW\ LQGLFDWRUV RU IRU IODVKLQJ VWDWXV LQGLFDWRU 6LQJOH e 9 VXSSO\n &026 WHFKQRORJ\ $YDLODEOH LQ eaSLQ ',3 RU 3/&&
$SSOLFDWLRQV
&RPSXWHUiZRUNVWDWLRQ LQWHUIDFH ERDUGV /$1 UHSHDWHU ([WHUQDO ii%$6(7 WUDQVFHLYHU o0$8o
/;7aie %ORFN 'LDJUDP
'23 '21 $8, 7;0,7 5HFHLYHU /RRSEDFN ',3 ',1 /, 0'i 0'i &,3 &,1 64( &/., &/.2 $8, 5&95 'ULYHU 0RGH 6HOHFW &ROOLVLRQ 'ULYHU ;7$/ 26& /LQN ,QWHJULW\ :DWFK'RJ 7LPHU 3XOVH 6KDSLQJ 3RODULW\ 'HWHFW 7323 7321 35&
73 5HFHLYHU 6TXHOFK
73,3 73,1
&ROOLVLRQ 'HWHFWRU 64( 7HVW /(' 'ULYHUV
/('3i6 /('/('7 /('5 /('& /('/
L1
iiea
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
/;7aie
3,1 $66,*10(176 $1' 6,*1$/ '(6&5,37,216
)LJXUH ia /;7aie 3LQ $VVLJQPHQWV
'21 '23 /('/('/ 35& &/.2 &/., *1'i &,1 &,3 0'i ',1 ',3 /, i e e e e c ae a a ii ii ie ie ie ea eae ec ee ee ee ee ei ei ia ia iae ic ie /('& /('5 /('7 /('3i6 7323 *1'e 9&&e 7321 9&&i 5%,$6 0'i 64( 73,3 73,1 /(''23 '21 /('& /('5 /('7 /('3i6
7DEOH ia /;7aie 6LJQDO 'HVFULSWLRQV
',3 i e e 3/&& e e e 6\PERO '21 '23 /(',i2 , , ,i2 'HVFULSWLRQ Data Out Negative DQG Data Out Positivei Differential input pair from the AUI transceiver DO circuit. -DEEHU /(' 'ULYHUi $FWLYH /RZn RSHQ GUDLQ GULYHU IRU WKH -DEEHU LQGLFDWRU /('i 2XWSXW JRHV DFWLYH ZKHQ ZDWFKGRJ WLPHU EHJLQV MDEn DQG VWD\V DFWLYH XQWLO HQG RI WKH XQMDE ZDLW SHULRG oeai eee PVoi :KHQ WLHG WR JURXQGn FDXVHV /('3i6 WR DFW DV D PXOWLIXQFWLRQ EOLQNLQJ VWDWXV LQGLFDWRUi /LQN /(' 'ULYHUi $FWLYH /RZn RSHQ GUDLQ GULYHU IRU WKH /LQN LQGLFDWRU /('i 2XWSXW LV DFWLYH H[FHSW GXULQJ /LQN )DLO RU ZKHQ /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7HVW LV GLVDEOHGi 3RODULW\ 5HYHUVH &RUUHFWLRQi 7KH /;7aie DXWRPDWLFDOO\ FRUUHFWV UHYHUVHG SRODULW\ DW 73, ZKHQ 35& LV WLHG +LJKi ,Q 7HVW PRGHn WKLV SLQ LV D ii 0+] RXWSXWi &U\VWDO 2VFLOODWRUi 7KH /;7aie UHTXLUHV HLWKHU D ei 0+] FU\VWDO oRU FHUDPLF UHVRQDWRUo FRQQHFWHG DFURVV WKHVH SLQVn RU D ei 0+] H[WHUQDO FORFN DSSOLHG DW &/., ZLWK &/.2 OHIW XQFRQQHFWHGi *URXQG ii *URXQG &ROOLVLRQ 1HJDWLYH DQG &ROOLVLRQ 3RVLWLYHi 'LIIHUHQWLDO GULYHU RXWSXW SDLU WLHG WR WKH FROOLVLRQ SUHVHQFH SDLU RI WKH (WKHUQHW WUDQVFHLYHU $8, FDEOHi 7KH FROOLVLRQ SUHVHQFH VLJQDO LV D ii 0+] VTXDUH ZDYHi 7KLV RXWSXW LV DFWLYDWHG ZKHQ D FROOLVLRQ LV GHWHFWHG RQ WKH QHWZRUNn GXULQJ VHOIWHVW E\ WKH 64( VHTXHQFHn RU DIWHU WKH ZDWFKGRJ WLPHU KDV H[SLUHG WR LQGLFDWH WKH WUDQVPLW ZLUH SDLU KDV EHHQ GLVDEOHGi
e
e
/('/
2
e
c
35&
,i2
c ae a a ii
ae a a ii ii
&/.2 &/., *1'i &,1 &,3
2 , 2 2
iiei
0'i ',1 ',3 /, 73,1 73,3 64(
ie ie ie ie ic iae ia
/('/ 35& &/.2 &/., *1'i &,1 &,3
e e e i ea eae ec
e c ae a a ii ii
/;7aie3&
ee ee ee ee ei ei ia
7323 *1'e 9&&e 7321 9&&i 5%,$6 0'i
/;7aie1&
L1
/;7aie 3LQ $VVLJQPHQWV $QG 6LJQDO 'HVFULSWLRQV
7DEOH ia /;7aie 6LJQDO 'HVFULSWLRQV FRQWLQXHG
',3 ii ie ie ie 3/&& ie ie ie ie 6\PERO 0'i ',1 ',3 /, ,i2 , 2 2 , 'HVFULSWLRQ 0RGH 6HOHFW ii 6HOHFWV RSHUDWLQJ PRGHV LQ FRQMXQFWLRQ ZLWK 0'ii 6HH 7DEOH e IRU PRGH VHOHFW RSWLRQVi 'DWD ,Q 1HJDWLYH DQG 'DWD ,Q 3RVLWLYHi 'LIIHUHQWLDO GULYHU SDLU FRQQHFWHG WR WKH $8, WUDQVFHLYHU ', FLUFXLWi /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7HVW (QDEOHi /LQN LQWHJULW\ WHVWLQJ LV HQDEOHG ZKHQ WKLV SLQ LV WLHG +LJKi :LWK OLQN WHVW HQDEOHGn WKH /;7aie VHQGV WKH OLQN LQWHJULW\ VLJQDO LQ WKH DEVHQFH RI WUDQVPLW WUDIILFi ,W DOVR UHFRJQL]HV UHFHLYHG OLQN WHVW SXOVHVn LQGLFDWLQJ WKH UHFHLYH ZLUH SDLU LV SUHVHQW LQ WKH DEVHQFH RI WUDQVPLW WUDIILFi 7ZLVWHG3DLU 5HFHLYH ,QSXWVi 'LIIHUHQWLDO UHFHLYH LQSXWV IURP WKH WZLVWHG SDLU LQSXW ILOWHUi 6LJQDO 4XDOLW\ (UURU 7HVW (QDEOHi 64( LV HQDEOHG ZKHQ WKLV SLQ LV WLHG +LJKi :KHQ HQDEOHGn WKH /;7aie VHQGV WKH VLJQDO TXDOLW\ HUURU WHVW VHTXHQFH WR WKH &, RI WKH $8, FDEOH DIWHU HYHU\ VXFFHVVIXO WUDQVPLVVLRQ WR WKH PHGLDi ,Q 7HVW PRGHn 64( EHFRPHV D ei 0+] RXWSXWi 0RGH 6HOHFW ii 6HOHFWV RSHUDWLQJ PRGHV LQ FRQMXQFWLRQ ZLWK 0'ii o6HH 7DEOH eio 0'i FORFN LQSXW EHWZHHQ eii DQG eie 0+] HQDEOHV 7HVW PRGHi 5HVLVWRU %LDV &RQWUROi %LDV FRQWURO SLQ IRU WKH RSHUDWLQJ FLUFXLWi %LDV VHW IURP H[WHUQDO UHVLVWRU WR JURXQGi ([WHUQDO UHVLVWRU YDOXH ieie N o` iooi 3RZHU 6XSSO\ ii oe 9 SRZHU VXSSO\i 7ZLVWHG3DLU 7UDQVPLW 2XWSXWVi 7UDQVPLW GULYHUV WR WKH WZLVWHGSDLU RXWSXW ILOWHUi 7KH RXWSXW LV 0DQFKHVWHU HQFRGHG DQG SUHGLVWRUWHG WR PHHW WKH ii%$6(7 WHPSODWHi 3RZHU 6XSSO\ ei oe 9 SRZHU VXSSO\i *URXQG ei *URXQGi 3RODULW\i6WDWXV /(' 'ULYHUi $FWLYH /RZn RSHQ GUDLQ /(' GULYHUi ,Q QRUPDO PRGHn /('3i6 LV DFWLYH ZKHQ UHYHUVHG SRODULW\ LV GHWHFWHGi ,I /('- LV WLHG WR JURXQGn /('3i6 LQGLFDWHV PXOWLSOH VWDWXV FRQGLWLRQV DV VKRZQ LQ )LJXUH iia 2Q VROLG 1RUPDOn i %OLQN /LQN 'RZQn e %OLQNV -DEEHUn e %OLQNV 3RODULW\ 5HYHUVHGi 7UDQVPLW /(' 'ULYHUi $FWLYH /RZn RSHQ GUDLQ GULYHU IRU WKH 7UDQVPLW LQGLFDWRU /('i 2XWSXW LV DFWLYH GXULQJ WUDQVPLWi 5HFHLYH /(' 'ULYHUi $FWLYH /RZn RSHQ GUDLQ GULYHU IRU WKH 5HFHLYH LQGLFDWRU /('i 2XWSXW LV DFWLYH GXULQJ UHFHLYHi &ROOLVLRQ /(' 'ULYHUi $FWLYH /RZn RSHQ GUDLQ GULYHU IRU WKH &ROOLVLRQ LQGLFDWRU /('i 2XWSXW LV DFWLYH ZKHQ D FROOLVLRQ RFFXUVi
ie ic iae
ic iae ia
73,1 73,3 64(
, , ,i2
ia ia ei ei ee ee ee ee
ia ei ei ee ee ee ee ec
0'i 5%,$6 9&&i 7321 7323 9&&e *1'e /('3i6
, , 2 2 , 2
ec eae ea
eae ea i
/('7 /('5 /('&
2 2 2
L1
iiei
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
ZDYHIRUP oDIWHU WKH WUDQVPLW ILOWHUo LV VKRZQ LQ )LJXUH ei ,I WKH GLIIHUHQWLDO LQSXWV DW WKH '2 FLUFXLW IDOO EHORZ aeeo RI WKH WKUHVKROG OHYHO IRU a ELW WLPHV oW\SLFDOon WKH /;7aie WUDQVPLW IXQFWLRQ ZLOO HQWHU WKH LGOH VWDWHi 'XULQJ LGOH SHUL RGVn WKH /;7aie WUDQVPLWV OLQN LQWHJULW\ WHVW SXOVHV RQ WKH 732 FLUFXLWi
/;7aie
)81&7,21$/ '(6&5,37,21
,QWURGXFWLRQ
7KH /;7aie 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW o0$8o LQWHUIDFHV WKH $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW ,QWHUIDFH o$8,o WR WKH XQVKLHOGHG WZLVWHGSDLU FDEOHVn WUDQVIHUULQJ GDWD LQ ERWK GLUHFWLRQV EHWZHHQ WKH WZRi 7KH $8, VLGH RI WKH LQWHUIDFH FRPSULVHV WKUHH FLUFXLWVa 'DWD 2XWSXW o'2on 'DWD ,QSXW o',o DQG &RQ WURO ,QWHUIDFH o&,oi 7KH WZLVWHGSDLU QHWZRUN VLGH RI WKH LQWHUIDFH FRPSULVHV WZR FLUFXLWVa 7ZLVWHG3DLU ,QSXW o73,o DQG 7ZLVWHG3DLU 2XWSXW o732oi ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR WKHVH ILYH EDVLF FLUFXLWVn WKH /;7aie DOVR FRQWDLQVa FU\VWDO RVFLOODWRU FLUFXLWU\n VHSDUDWH SRZHU DQG JURXQG SLQV IRU DQDORJ DQG GLJLWDO FLUFXLWVn PRGH VHOHFWLRQ ORJLF oVHH 7DEOH eo DQG VL[ /(' GULYHUV IRU VWDWXV LQGLFDWLRQVi
)LJXUH ea /;7aie 732 2XWSXW :DYHIRUP
7DEOH ea 0RGH 6HOHFW 2SWLRQV
0'i /RZ /RZ +LJK +LJK +LJK /RZ 0'i /RZ +LJK /RZ +LJK 0RGH ii%$6(7 FRPSOLDQW 0$8 5HGXFHG VTXHOFK OHYHO +DOI FXUUHQW $8, GULYHU '2n ', / &, SRUWV GLVDEOHG
5HFHLYH )XQFWLRQ
&ORFN 7HVW 0RGHn -DEEHU RQ &ORFN 7HVW PRGHn -DEEHU GLVDEOHG
)XQFWLRQV DUH GHILQHG IURP WKH $8, VLGH RI WKH LQWHUIDFHi 7KH /;7aie 7UDQVPLW IXQFWLRQ UHIHUV WR GDWD WUDQVPLWWHG E\ WKH 'DWD 7HUPLQDO (TXLSPHQW o'7(o WKURXJK WKH $8, DQG 0$8 WR WKH WZLVWHGSDLU QHWZRUNi 7KH /;7aie 5HFHLYH IXQFWLRQ UHIHUV WR GDWD UHFHLYHG E\ WKH '7( WKURXJK WKH 0$8 DQG $8, IURP WKH WZLVWHGSDLU QHWZRUNi ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR EDVLF WUDQVPLW DQG UHFHLYH IXQFWLRQVn WKH /;7aie SHUIRUPV DOO UHTXLUHG IXQFWLRQV GHILQHG E\ WKH ,((( aieie ii%$6(7 0$8 VSHFLILFDWLRQ VXFK DV FROOL VLRQ GHWHFWLRQn OLQN LQWHJULW\ WHVWLQJn 6LJQDO 4XDOLW\ (UURU o64(on MDEEHU FRQWURO DQG ORRSEDFNi
7KH /;7aie UHFHLYH IXQFWLRQ WUDQVIHUV VHULDO GDWD IURP WKH WZLVWHGSDLU QHWZRUN oWKH 73, FLUFXLWo WR WKH '7( oRYHU WKH ', FLUFXLW RI WKH $8,oi $Q LQWHUQDO VTXHOFK IXQFWLRQ GLV FULPLQDWHV QRLVH IURP OLQN WHVW SXOVHV DQG YDOLG GDWD VWUHDPVi 2QO\ YDOLG GDWD VWUHDPV DFWLYDWH WKH UHFHLYH IXQF WLRQi ,I WKH GLIIHUHQWLDO LQSXWV DW WKH 73, FLUFXLW IDOO EHORZ aeeo RI WKH WKUHVKROG OHYHO oXQVTXHOFKHGo IRU a ELW WLPHV oW\SLFDOon WKH /;7aie UHFHLYH IXQFWLRQ ZLOO HQWHU WKH LGOH VWDWHi 7KH 73, WKUHVKROG FDQ EH UHGXFHG E\ DSSUR[LPDWHO\ e G% WR DOORZ IRU ORQJHU ORRSV LQ ORZQRLVH HQYLURQPHQWVi 7KH UHGXFHG WKUHVKROG LV VHOHFWHG ZKHQ 0'i /RZ DQG 0'i +LJKi
3RODULW\ 5HYHUVH )XQFWLRQ
7UDQVPLW )XQFWLRQ
7KH /;7aie WUDQVIHUV 0DQFKHVWHU HQFRGHG GDWD IURP WKH $8, SRUW RI WKH '7( oWKH '2 FLUFXLWo WR WKH WZLVWHGSDLU QHWZRUN oWKH 732 FLUFXLWoi 7KH RXWSXW VLJQDO RQ 7321 DQG 7323 LV SUHGLVWRUWHG WR PHHW WKH ii %$6(7 MLWWHU WHP SODWHn DQG ILOWHUHG WR PHHW )&& UHTXLUHPHQWVi 7KH RXWSXW
7KH /;7aie SRODULW\ UHYHUVH IXQFWLRQ XVHV ERWK OLQN SXOVHV DQG HQGRIIUDPH GDWD WR GHWHUPLQH SRODULW\ RI WKH UHFHLYHG VLJQDOi $ UHYHUVHG SRODULW\ FRQGLWLRQ LV GHWHFWHG ZKHQ HLJKW RSSRVLWH UHFHLYH OLQN SXOVHV DUH GHWHFWHG ZLWKRXW UHFHLSW RI D OLQN SXOVH ZLWK WKH H[SHFWHG SRODULW\i 5HYHUVHG SRODULW\ LV DOVR GHWHFWHG LI IRXU IUDPHV DUH UHFHLYHG ZLWK D UHYHUVHG VWDUWRILGOHi :KHQHYHU SRODULW\ LV UHYHUVHGn WKHVH WZR FRXQWHUV DUH UHVHW WR ]HURi ,I WKH /;7aie HQWHUV WKH OLQN IDLO VWDWHn DQG QR GDWD RU OLQN SXOVHV DUH UHFHLYHG ZLWKLQ ac WR iea PVn WKH SRODULW\ LV UHVHW WR WKH GHIDXOW QRQIOLSSHG FRQGLWLRQi ,I /LQN ,QWHJULW\ LV GLVDEOHGn SRODULW\ GHWHFWLRQ LV EDVHG RQO\ RQ UHFHLYHG GDWD SXOVHVi
iiee
L1
/;7aie )XQFWLRQDO 'HVFULSWLRQ
&ROOLVLRQ 'HWHFWLRQ )XQFWLRQ
7KH FROOLVLRQ GHWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ RSHUDWHV RQ WKH WZLVWHG SDLU VLGH RI WKH LQWHUIDFHi $ FROOLVLRQ LV GHILQHG DV WKH VLPXOWDQHRXV SUHVHQFH RI YDOLG VLJQDOV RQ ERWK WKH 73, FLU FXLW DQG WKH 732 FLUFXLWi 7KH /;7aie UHSRUWV FROOLVLRQV WR WKH $8, E\ VHQGLQJ D ii 0+] VLJQDO RYHU WKH &, FLUFXLWi 7KH FROOLVLRQ UHSRUW VLJQDO LV RXWSXW QR PRUH WKDQ a ELW WLPHV o%7o DIWHU WKH FKLS GHWHFWV D FROOLVLRQi ,I WKH 73, FLU FXLW EHFRPHV DFWLYH ZKLOH WKHUH LV DFWLYLW\ RQ WKH 732 FLU FXLWn WKH 73, GDWD LV SDVVHG WR WKH '7( RYHU WKH ', FLUFXLWn GLVDEOLQJ WKH ORRSEDFNi )LJXUH e LV D VWDWH GLDJUDP RI WKH /;7aie FROOLVLRQ GHWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ oUHIHU WR ,((( aieie ii%$6(7 VSHFLILFDWLRQoi
/RRSEDFN )XQFWLRQ
7KH /;7aie ORRSEDFN IXQFWLRQ RSHUDWHV LQ FRQMXQFWLRQ ZLWK WKH WUDQVPLW IXQFWLRQi 'DWD WUDQVPLWWHG E\ WKH '7( LV LQWHUQDOO\ ORRSHG EDFN ZLWKLQ WKH /;7aie IURP WKH '2 SLQV WR WKH ', SLQV DQG UHWXUQHG WR WKH '7(i 7KH ORRSEDFN IXQFWLRQ LV GLVDEOHG ZKHQ D GDWD FROOLVLRQ RFFXUVn FOHDULQJ WKH ', FLUFXLW IRU WKH 73, GDWDi /RRSEDFN LV DOVR GLVDEOHG GXULQJ OLQN IDLO DQG MDEEHU VWDWHVi
64( 7HVW )XQFWLRQ
)LJXUH ea &ROOLVLRQ 'HWHFWLRQ )XQFWLRQ
$ '2 $FWLYH 73, ,GOH ;0,7 (QDEOH 3RZHU 2Q
,GOH
73, $FWLYH
)LJXUH e LV D VWDWH GLDJUDP RI WKH 64( 7HVW IXQFWLRQi 7KH 64( WHVW IXQFWLRQ LV HQDEOHG ZKHQ WKH 64( SLQ LV WLHG +LJKi :KHQ HQDEOHGn WKH 64( WHVW VHTXHQFH LV WUDQVPLWWHG WR WKH FRQWUROOHU DIWHU HYHU\ VXFFHVVIXO WUDQVPLVVLRQ RQ WKH ii%$6(7 QHWZRUNi :KHQ D VXFFHVVIXO WUDQVPLVVLRQ LV FRPSOHWHGn WKH /;7aie WUDQVPLWV WKH 64( VLJQDO WR WKH $8, RYHU WKH &, FLUFXLW IRU ii %7 ` e %7i 7KH 64( IXQF WLRQ FDQ EH GLVDEOHG IRU KXE DSSOLFDWLRQV E\ W\LQJ WKH 64( SLQ WR JURXQGi
)LJXUH ea 64( )XQFWLRQ
3RZHU 2Q
2XWSXW 732 '2 ', '2 '2 $FWLYH 73, $FWLYH ;0,7 (QDEOH
,QSXW ', 73, 2XWSXW ,GOH '2 $FWLYH '2 $FWLYH 73, $FWLYH ;0,7 (QDEOH 2XWSXW 'HWHFWHG '2 ,GOH 64( :DLW 7HVW
$ '2 ,GOH o ;0,7 'LVDEOH
&ROOLVLRQ 732 '2 ', 73, &, 64( '2 ,GOH $ 73, ,GOH
6WDUWB64(B7HVWBB:DLWB7LPHU
;0,7 'LVDEOH
64(B7HVWBB:DLWB7LPHUB'RQH ;0,7 (QDEOH 64( 7HVW
'2 $FWLYH 73, ,GOH
6WDUWB64(B7HVWB7LPHU &, 64(
64(B7HVWB7LPHUB'RQH
L1
iiee
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
-DEEHU &RQWURO )XQFWLRQ
)LJXUH e LV D VWDWH GLDJUDP RI WKH /;7aie -DEEHU FRQWURO IXQFWLRQi 7KH /;7aie RQFKLS ZDWFKGRJ WLPHU SUHYHQWV WKH '7( IURP ORFNLQJ LQWR D FRQWLQXRXV WUDQVPLW PRGHi :KHQ D WUDQVPLVVLRQ H[FHHGV WKH WLPH OLPLWn WKH :DWFKGRJ WLPHU GLVDEOHV WKH WUDQVPLW DQG ORRSEDFN IXQFWLRQVn DQG VHQGV WKH 64( VLJQDO WR WKH '7( RYHU WKH &, FLUFXLWi 2QFH WKH /;7aie LV LQ WKH MDEEHU VWDWHn WKH '2 FLUFXLW PXVW UHPDLQ LGOH IRU D SHULRG RI eai WR eee PV EHIRUH LW ZLOO H[LW WKH MDEEHU VWDWHi
/LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7HVW )XQFWLRQ
)LJXUH ea -DEEHU &RQWURO )XQFWLRQ
3RZHU 2Q 1R 2XWSXW '2 $FWLYH 1RQMDEEHU 2XWSXW
6WDUWB;0,7B0$;B7LPHU
)LJXUH c LV D VWDWH GLDJUDP RI WKH /;7aie /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7HVW )XQFWLRQi 7KH /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7HVW LV XVHG WR GHWHUPLQH WKH VWDWXV RI WKH UHFHLYH VLGH WZLVWHGSDLU FDEOHi 7KH OLQN LQWHJULW\ WHVW LV HQDEOHG ZKHQ WKH /, SLQ LV WLHG +LJKi :KHQ HQDEOHGn WKH UHFHLYHU UHFRJQL]HV OLQN LQWHJULW\ SXOVHV ZKLFK DUH WUDQVPLWWHG LQ WKH DEVHQFH RI UHFHLYH WUDIILFi ,I QR VHULDO GDWD VWUHDP RU OLQN LQWHJULW\ SXOVHV DUH GHWHFWHG ZLWKLQ ei iei PVn WKH FKLS HQWHUV D OLQN IDLO VWDWH DQG GLVDEOHV WKH WUDQVPLW DQG ORRSEDFN IXQFWLRQVi 7KH /;7aie LJQRUHV DQ\ OLQN LQWHJULW\ SXOVH ZLWK LQWHUYDO OHVV WKDQ e ae PVi 7KH /;7aie ZLOO UHPDLQ LQ WKH OLQN IDLO VWDWH XQWLO LW GHWHFWV HLWKHU D VHULDO GDWD SDFNHW RU WZR RU PRUH OLQN LQWHJULW\ SXOVHVi
7HVW 0RGH
'2 ,GOH -DE
'2 $FWLYH ;0,7B0D[B7LPHUB'RQH
;0,7 'LVDEOH /3%. 'LVDEOH &, 64(
7KH /;7aie 7HVW PRGH LV VHOHFWHG ZKHQ D e eie 0+] FORFN LV LQSXW RQ WKH 0'i PRGH VHOHFW SLQi 7HVW PRGH VHWV WKH LQWHUQDO FRXQWHU FKDLQV WR UXQ DW iiee WLPHV WKHLU QRUPDO VSHHGi 7KH PD[LPXP WUDQVPLW WLPHn XQMDE WLPHn /LQN ,QWHJULW\ WLPLQJ DQG /(' WLPLQJ DUH UHGXFHG E\ D IDFWRU RI iieei 'XULQJ WHVW RSHUDWLRQn ii 0+] DQG ei 0+] VLJQDOV DUH RXWSXW RQ WKH 35& DQG 64( SLQVn UHVSHFWLYHO\i :KHQ 7HVW PRGH LV VHOHFWHGn WKH 64( IXQFWLRQ FDQQRW EH GLVDEOHGi ,Q 7HVW PRGH WKH 35& IXQFWLRQ FDQ EH GLVDEOHG E\ WKH /, SLQi -DEEHU FDQ EH GLVDEOHG E\ VHWWLQJ 0'i /RZi
'2 ,GOH 8QMDE :DLW
6WDUWB8QMDEB7LPHU ;0,7 'LVDEOH /3%. 'LVDEOH &, 64(
8QMDEB 7LPHUB'RQH
'2 $FWLYH 8QMDEB7LPHUB1RWB'RQH
iiee
L1
/;7aie )XQFWLRQDO 'HVFULSWLRQ
)LJXUH ca /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7HVW )XQFWLRQ
3RZHU 2Q ,GOH 7HVW 6WDUWB/LQNB/RVVB7LPHU 6WDUWB/LQNB7HVWB0LQB7LPHU /LQNB/RVVB7LPHUB'RQH 73, ,GOH /LQNB7HVWB5FYG )DOVH /LQN 7HVW )DLO 5HVHW /LQNB&RXQW i ;0,7 'LVDEOH 5&95 'LVDEOH /3%. 'LVDEOH 73, $FWLYH /LQNB7HVWB5FYG )DOVH 73, ,GOH /LQN 7HVW )DLO :DLW ;0,7 'LVDEOH 5&95 'LVDEOH /3%. 'LVDEOH /LQNB&RXQW /LQNB&RXQW o i 73, $FWLYH /LQNB7HVWB5FYG ,GOH 73, ,GOH 73, $FWLYH o o/LQNB7HVWB5FYG 7UXH /LQNB7HVWB0LQB7LPHUB'RQHo
/LQN 7HVW )DLO 6WDUWB/LQNB7HVWB0LQB7LPHU 6WDUWB/LQNB7HVWB0D[B7LPHU ;0,7 'LVDEOH 5&95 'LVDEOH /3%. 'LVDEOH /LQNB7HVWB0LQB7LPHUB'RQH /LQNB7HVWB5FYG 7UXH
73, $FWLYH o /LQNB&RXQW /&B0D[
/LQN 7HVW )DLO ([WHQGHG ;0,7 'LVDEOH 5&95 'LVDEOH /3%. 'LVDEOH 73, ,GOH '2 ,GOH o73, ,GOH /LQNB7HVWB0D[B7LPHUB'RQHo o o/LQNB7HVWB0LQB7LPHUB1RWB'RQH /LQNB7HVWB5FYG 7UXHo
L1
iiee
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
WKH 5-ee FRQQHFWRU oii%$6(7oi 1R WHUPLQDWLRQ UHVLVWRUV DUH XVHG RQ WKH /;7aie VLGH RI WKH $8, LQWHUIDFH WR SUH YHQW LPSHGDQFH PLVPDWFK ZLWK WKH GURS FDEOHi 7KH KDOI FXUUHQW GULYH PRGH LV XVHG WR PDLQWDLQ WKH VDPH YROWDJH OHYHOV LQ WKH DEVHQFH RI WHUPLQDWLRQ UHVLVWRUVi 7KLV DSSOLFD WLRQ XVHV FDSDFLWLYH FRXSOLQJ LQVWHDG RI WUDQVIRUPHU FRX SOLQJi 0'i LV WLHG +LJK VR 0'i IXQFWLRQV DV WKH PRGH FRQWURO VZLWFKi :KHQ 0'i LV /RZn WKH KDOI FXUUHQW GULYH PRGH LV VHOHFWHGi :KHQ 0'i LV +LJKn WKH /;7aie LV HIIHFWLYHO\ UHPRYHG IURP WKH FLUFXLWi 7KH aie $8, SRUWV o'2n ', DQG &,o DUH GLVDEOHG LVRODWLQJ WKH /;7aie IURP WKH $8,i 7KH /;7aie ', DQG &, SRUWV JR WR D KLJK LPSHGDQFH VWDWH DQG WKH '2 SRUW LV LJQRUHGi 7R LPSOHPHQW DQ DXWRVHOHFW IXQFWLRQn /('/ FDQ EH WLHG WR 0'ii 7KLV DFWLYDWHV WKH aiei$8, LQWHUIDFH ZKHQ WKH 73 OLQN LV DFWLYH oGDWD RU OLQN LQWHJULW\ SXOVHVo DQG GLVDEOHV LW ZKHQ WKH OLQN LV LQDFWLYHi
/;7aie
$33/,&$7,21 ,1)250$7,21
)LJXUH ae VKRZV WKH /;7aie LQ D W\SLFDO H[WHUQDO 0$8 DSSOLFDWLRQn LQWHUIDFLQJ EHWZHHQ DQ $8, DQG WKH 5-ee FRQ QHFWRUV RI WKH WZLVWHGSDLU QHWZRUNi $ ei 0+] FU\VWDO oRU FHUDPLF UHVRQDWRUo FRQQHFWHG DFURVV &/., DQG &/.2 SURYLGHV WKH UHTXLUHG FORFN VLJQDOi 7UDQVPLW DQG UHFHLYH ILOWHUV DUH UHTXLUHG LQ WKH 732 DQG 73, FLUFXLWVi 'HWDLOV RI WKH WUDQVPLW DQG UHFHLYH ILOWHUV DUH VKRZQ LQ )LJXUHV a DQG an UHVSHFWLYHO\i o'LIIHUHQWLDO ILOWHUV DUH DOVR UHFRPPHQGHGio
([WHUQDO 0$8
,QWHUQDO 0$8
)LJXUH ii VKRZV DQ LQWHUQDO 0$8 DSSOLFDWLRQ ZKLFK WDNHV DGYDQWDJH RI WKH /;7aie(c)V XQLTXH $8,iii%$6(7 VZLWFKLQJ IHDWXUH WR VHOHFW HLWKHU WKH 'FRQQHFWRU o$8,o RU
)LJXUH aea Typical External MAU Application
ei 0+] &i $8, aea iai 7Ri)URP 'DWD 7HUPLQDO (TXLSPHQW aea iai &,3 aea aea &,1 oe9 9&&i 9&&e 35& 64( /, aea ',1 i iai aea '21 ',3 &/., '23 e &e e
&/.2 eaeie `1% 7[ )LOWHU 7323 7321 73,3 eaeie `1% ei `1% iii ) 7[ )LOWHU 5[ )LOWHU iai 5-ee 7ZLVWHG3DLU 7Ri)URP 1HWZRUN iai
/;7aie
73,1 /('/('& /('7 /('5 /('/ /('3i6 5%,$6 0'2 0'i *1'i *1'e
ei `1%
5[ )LOWHU
i
oe9 ieie k `1% e
7\SLFDOO\n UHVLVWRUV RQ WKH $8, VLGH RI WKH WUDQVIRUPHU DUH DOUHDG\ SUHVHQW LQ WKH WHUPLQDOi ,I WHUPLQDWLRQ UHVLVWRUV DUH SUHVHQW LQ WKH WHUPLQDOn WKH VKDGHG UHVLVWRUV DUH QRW UHTXLUHGi $ ei 0+] o`1%o FU\VWDO RU FHUDPLF UHVRQDWRU PD\ EH XVHG DW &/.,i&/.2i 6XLWDEOH LQWHJUDWHG ILOWHUiWUDQV IRUPHUV LQFOXGH )LO0DJ aea=iiei%a 9DORU 37eaaeaea DQG +$/2 (OHFWURQLFV )'ieiii* DQG )'ieiii*
e
iii ) iii ) 7DQWDOXP
iiec
L1
/;7aie $SSOLFDWLRQ ,QIRUPDWLRQ
)LJXUH aa 7\SLFDO 7UDQVPLW )LOWHU
,1
)LJXUH aa 7\SLFDO 5HFHLYH )LOWHU
,1 287
287
)LJXUH iia Typical Internal MAU Application
'&RQQHFWRU ei 0+] (QFRGHUi 'HFRGHU aiee aeai aeaai iii ) aea iii ) iii ) 7Ri)URP &RQWUROOHU aea iii ) iii ) aea iii ) oe9 &,1 9&&i 9&&e 35& 64( /, 0'i 0'i ',1 &,3 '21 ',3 &i &/., '23 &e eaeie `1% &/.2 7[ )LOWHU 7323 7321 73,3 eaeie `1% ei `1% iii ) 7[ )LOWHU 5[ )LOWHU iai 5-ee 7ZLVWHG3DLU 7Ri)URP 1HWZRUN iai
/;7aie
73,1 /('/('& /('7 /('5 /('/ /('3i6
ei `1%
5[ )LOWHU
oe9
ieie k `1% 5%,$6 *1'i *1'e iii )
$FWLYDWH 0$8
iii ) 7DQWDOXP
127(a &RQQHFW /('/ WR 0'2 WR LPSOHPHQW DXWRVHOHFW
L1
iieae
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
/;7aie
7(67 63(&,),&$7,216
127(
7KH PLQLPXP DQG PD[LPXP YDOXHV LQ 7DEOHV e WKURXJK a DQG )LJXUH ii UHSUHVHQW WKH SHUIRUPDQFH VSHFLILFDWLRQV RI WKH /;7aie DQG DUH JXDUDQWHHG E\ WHVWn H[FHSW ZKHUH QRWHG E\ GHVLJQi
7DEOH ea $EVROXWH 0D[LPXP 9DOXHV
3DUDPHWHU 6XSSO\ YROWDJH $PELHQW RSHUDWLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH 6WRUDJH WHPSHUDWXUH 6\PERO 9&& 7$ 767* 0LQ iie i ce 0D[ c aei oiei 8QLWV 9 *& *&
&$87,21 ([FHHGLQJ WKHVH YDOXHV PD\ FDXVH SHUPDQHQW GDPDJHi )XQFWLRQDO RSHUDWLRQ XQGHU WKHVH FRQGLWLRQV LV QRW LPSOLHGi ([SRVXUH WR PD[LPXP UDWLQJ FRQGLWLRQV IRU H[WHQGHG SHULRGV PD\ DIIHFW GHYLFH UHOLDELOLW\i
7DEOH ea 5HFRPPHQGHG 2SHUDWLQJ &RQGLWLRQV
3DUDPHWHU 5HFRPPHQGHG VXSSO\ YROWDJHin e 5HFRPPHQGHG RSHUDWLQJ WHPSHUDWXUH 6\PERO 9&& 723 0LQ eiaee i 7\S eii 0D[ eiee aei 8QLWV 9 *& 7HVW &RQGLWLRQV
ei 9ROWDJHV ZLWK UHVSHFW WR JURXQG XQOHVV RWKHUZLVH VSHFLILHGi ei 0D[LPXP YROWDJH GLIIHUHQWLDO EHWZHHQ 9&&i DQG 9&&e PXVW QRW H[FHHG iie 9i
7DEOH ea ,i2 (OHFWULFDO &KDUDFWHULVWLFV o2YHU 5HFRPPHQGHG 5DQJHo
3DUDPHWHU ,QSXW /RZ YROWDJHe ,QSXW +LJK YROWDJHe 2XWSXW /RZ YROWDJH o2SHQ GUDLQ /(' GULYHUo 6XSSO\ &XUUHQW o9&&i 9&&e eiee 9o ,QSXW /HDNDJH &XUUHQWe 7KUHH VWDWH OHDNDJH FXUUHQW oKLJK =o ,// ,76 6\P 9,/ 9,+ 92// ,&& 0LQ eii 7\Si ci iee `i `i 0D[ iia iiae aei iei `ii `ii 8QLWV 9 9 9 P$ P$ "$ "$ ,2// 7HVW &RQGLWLRQV ii P$
/LQH ,GOH /LQH $FWLYHn WUDQVPLWWLQJ DOO RQHV ,QSXW EHWZHHQ 9&& DQG *1' 2XWSXW EHWZHHQ 9&& DQG *1'
ii 7\SLFDO YDOXHV DUH DW ee & DQG DUH IRU GHVLJQ DLG RQO\a QRW JXDUDQWHHG DQG QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi ei 0'in 0'in 64(n 35&n DQG /, SLQVi 0'i FORFN oWHVW PRGHo PXVW EH &026 OHYHO LQSXWi ei 1RW LQFOXGLQJ 73,1n 73,3n '23n RU '21i
iiea
L1
/;7aie 7HVW 6SHFLILFDWLRQV
7DEOH ca $8, (OHFWULFDO &KDUDFWHULVWLFV o2YHU 5HFRPPHQGHG 5DQJHo
3DUDPHWHU ,QSXW /RZ FXUUHQW ,QSXW +LJK FXUUHQW 'LIIHUHQWLDO RXWSXW YROWDJH 'LIIHUHQWLDO VTXHOFK WKUHVKROG 5HFHLYH LQSXW LPSHGDQFH 6\PERO ,,/ ,,+ 92' 9'6 5= 0LQ `eei 7\Si eei ei 0D[ aeii eii `ieii 8QLWV "$ "$ P9 P9 N 7HVW &RQGLWLRQV %HWZHHQ '23 DQG '21
ii 7\SLFDO YDOXHV DUH DW ee & DQG DUH IRU GHVLJQ DLG RQO\a QRW JXDUDQWHHG DQG QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi
7DEOH aea 7UDQVPLW &KDUDFWHULVWLFV o2YHU 5HFRPPHQGHG 5DQJHo
3DUDPHWHU 7UDQVPLW RXWSXW LPSHGDQFH 7UDQVPLW WLPLQJ MLWWHU DGGLWLRQ
e
6\P =287
0LQLPXP
7\SLFDOi e
0D[LPXP `a `eie
8QLWV QV QV
7HVW &RQGLWLRQV - $IWHU 7[ ILOWHUn i OLQH OHQJWK $IWHU 7[ ILOWHU DQG OLQH PRGHO VSHFLILHG E\ ,((( aieie IRU ii%$6(7
7UDQVPLW WLPLQJ MLWWHU DGGLWLRQe
ii 7\SLFDO YDOXHV DUH DW ee & DQG DUH IRU GHVLJQ DLG RQO\a QRW JXDUDQWHHG DQG QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi ei 3DUDPHWHU LV JXDUDQWHHG E\ GHVLJQa QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi
7DEOH aa 5HFHLYH &KDUDFWHULVWLFV o2YHU 5HFRPPHQGHG 5DQJHo
3DUDPHWHU 5HFHLYH LQSXW LPSHGDQFH 'LIIHUHQWLDO VTXHOFK WKUHVKROG 5HGXFHG VTXHOFK WKUHVKROG 5HFHLYH WLPLQJ MLWWHU DGGLWLRQ
e
6\P =,1 9'6 9'65
0LQLPXP
7\SLFDOi ei eei eii
0D[LPXP iie
8QLWV N P9 P9 QV
7HVW &RQGLWLRQV %HWZHHQ 73,3i73,1
ii 7\SLFDO YDOXHV DUH DW ee & DQG DUH IRU GHVLJQ DLG RQO\a QRW JXDUDQWHHG DQG QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi ei 3DUDPHWHU LV JXDUDQWHHG E\ GHVLJQa QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi
L1
iiea
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
7DEOH aa 6ZLWFKLQJ &KDUDFWHULVWLFV o2YHU 5HFRPPHQGHG 5DQJHo
3DUDPHWHU -DEEHU 7LPLQJ 0D[LPXP WUDQVPLW WLPH e 8QMDE WLPH e 7LPH IURP -DEEHU WR &6i RQ &,3i&,1 e /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 7LPLQJ 7LPH OLQN ORVV e 7LPH EHWZHHQ /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 3XOVHV e ,QWHUYDO IRU YDOLG UHFHLYH /LQN ,QWHJULW\ 3XOVHV e &ROOLVLRQ 7LPLQJ 6LPXOWDQHRXV 73,i732 WR &62 VWDWH RQ &,1i&,3 '2 ORRSEDFN WR 73, RQ ', e &6i VWDWH GHOD\ DIWHU 73,i'2 LGOH &6i +LJK SXOVH ZLGWK &6i /RZ SXOVH ZLGWK &6i IUHTXHQF\ 64( 7LPLQJ /(' 7LPLQJ 64( VLJQDO GXUDWLRQ 'HOD\ DIWHU ODVW SRVLWLYH WUDQVLWLRQ RI '2 /('&n /('7n /('5 RQ WLPH e /('3i6 RQ WLPH e o6HH )LJXUH iio /('3i6 SHULRG e o6HH )LJXUH iio *HQHUDO 5HFHLYH VWDUWXS GHOD\ 7UDQVPLW VWDUWXS GHOD\ /RRSEDFN VWDUWXS GHOD\ 0LQ aaie eai i ce a eii i eii ei ei eii iic iii i i i 7\Si ii ice eea 0D[ iei eee aii cc ii ce aii aii aii ci ci ieii iic eii eii eii 8QLWV PV PV QV PV PV PV QV QV QV QV QV 0+] QV V PV PV PV QV QV QV
ii 7\SLFDO YDOXHV DUH DW ee & DQG DUH IRU GHVLJQ DLG RQO\a QRW JXDUDQWHHG DQG QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi ei 6ZLWFKLQJ WLPHV UHGXFHG E\ D IDFWRU RI iiee GXULQJ 7HVW PRGHi ei 3DUDPHWHU LV JXDUDQWHHG E\ GHVLJQa QRW VXEMHFW WR SURGXFWLRQ WHVWLQJi
iiei
L1
/;7aie 7HVW 6SHFLILFDWLRQV
)LJXUH iia /('3i6 6WDWXV ,QGLFDWLRQ 7LPLQJ
/LQN )DLO
cec PV
eae PV
ice PV
-DEEHU
aae PV
eea PV
3RODULW\ 5HYHUVH
iiaca V 127(a
ii /('3i6 VWDWXV LQGLFDWLRQV DUH VKRZQ LQ RUGHU RI SULRULW\n LiHin /LQN )DLO LQGLFDWLRQ VXSHUVHGHV -DEEHU LQGLFDWLRQ ZKLFK VXSHUVHGHV 3RODULW\ 5HYHUVH oZKHQ 35& ioi 5HYHUVHG SRODULW\ FRQGLWLRQV VXSHUVHGH /LQN )DLO FRQGLWLRQV ZKHQ 35& i o3RODULW\ &RUUHFWLRQ 'LVDEOHGoi $W WKH /('/ LQGLFDWRUn UHYHUVHG SRODULW\ FRQGLWLRQV DUH UHSRUWHG DV /LQN )DLO ZKHQ 35& ii 7KLV DOORZV WKH XVHU WR GLVWLQJXLVK EHWZHHQ DFWX DO OLQN IDLOXUH DQG DSSDUHQW OLQN IDLOXUH GXH WR SRODULW\ UHYHUVDOi
L1
iiei
/;7aie (WKHUQHW 7ZLVWHG3DLU 0HGLD $WWDFKPHQW 8QLW
127(6
iiee
L1


▲Up To Search▲   

 
Price & Availability of LXT902

All Rights Reserved © IC-ON-LINE 2003 - 2022  

[Add Bookmark] [Contact Us] [Link exchange] [Privacy policy]
Mirror Sites :  [www.datasheet.hk]   [www.maxim4u.com]  [www.ic-on-line.cn] [www.ic-on-line.com] [www.ic-on-line.net] [www.alldatasheet.com.cn] [www.gdcy.com]  [www.gdcy.net]


 . . . . .
  We use cookies to deliver the best possible web experience and assist with our advertising efforts. By continuing to use this site, you consent to the use of cookies. For more information on cookies, please take a look at our Privacy Policy. X